Advancing Health Equity
Zeba M. Khan, RPh, PhD, Editor-in-Chief, Value & Outcomes Spotlight
Health equity and health disparity are two critical concepts that have gained significant attention in the healthcare sector. Health equity refers to the attainment of the highest level of health for all people, regardless of their socioeconomic status, race, or geographical location. On the other hand, health disparities are differences in health outcomes and their determinants between segments of the population.
Health disparities are often influenced by social, economic, and environmental disadvantages. For instance, individuals from low-income communities may lack access to quality healthcare services, nutritious food, and safe housing, which can lead to poor health outcomes. Similarly, racial and ethnic minorities often face systematic challenges in accessing healthcare, leading to higher rates of certain diseases and lower life expectancy.
"Health equity refers to the attainment of the highest level of health for all people, regardless of their socioeconomic status, race, or geographical location."
As we strive for health equity, we must recognize that equality and equity are distinct concepts. The tenets of health equality focus on treating everyone the same, regardless of their unique needs or circumstances. While health equity ensures that everyone has a fair and just opportunity to attain their highest level of health, accounting for individual differences and addressing systemic barriers. Health equity, therefore, is about bridging these gaps and ensuring everyone has a fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible. This requires removing obstacles to health such as poverty, discrimination, and their consequences, including lack of access to good jobs with fair pay, quality education and housing, safe environments, and healthcare.
To achieve health equity, we must address the root causes of health disparities. This includes implementing policies that promote social and economic equality, improving access to quality healthcare services for all individuals, and promoting healthy behaviors in all communities. Several promising strategies have been developed and implemented to combat these disparities and attempt to bring about health equity in communities. For example, community health workers bridge gaps by providing culturally competent education, advocacy, and support by connecting patients to resources and providing them aid in navigating complex healthcare systems. Telehealth and other digital solutions have expanded patient access, especially in underserved areas, and digital health tools, such as wearable devices and phone apps, have empowered patients to manage their health proactively. Communities have begun to address social determinants of health disparities by establishing collaborations between healthcare and nonhealth sectors—such as housing, education, employment, etc—to improve overall well-being under the guiding philosophy that a person’s overall health is more than just their medical state.
"Telehealth and other digital solutions have expanded patient access, especially in underserved areas, and digital health tools, such as wearable devices and phone apps, have empowered patients to manage their health proactively."
As a specific example, in the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has declared health disparity a serious public health threat and recognized its impact on health outcomes. The CDC has developed a CORE Health Equity Strategy focused on driving research that identifies changeable drivers of disparities, tailoring healthcare strategies to specific populations, collaborating with state health officials and minority health offices to advance health equity and establish a workforce that reflects the communities it serves.
Health equity and health disparity are interconnected concepts that highlight the need for a more inclusive and equitable healthcare system. By addressing health disparities, we can move closer to achieving health equity and ensuring that all individuals have the opportunity to lead healthy lives. Health equity isn't an abstract goal; it's a moral imperative. By dismantling barriers, promoting inclusivity, and advocating for systemic change, we can create a healthier, more equitable world. Let's ensure that every person, regardless of their background, has a fair opportunity at optimal health.
As always, I welcome input from our readers. Please feel free to email me at zeba.m.khan@hotmail.com.
