OBJECTIVES: To estimate incremental clinical and healthcare resource burden in patients with LGS compared to control participants.

METHODS: Using Komodo’s Healthcare Map^TM (2016-2022) closed claims data, patients with LGS and control participants without LGS were matched (1:1 ratio) on age, sex, region, insurance channel, and index date. Clinical outcomes (seizure and nonseizure symptoms) and healthcare resource utilization were compared during a randomly selected and continuously enrolled 12-month period.

RESULTS: A total of 9685 pairs were included. In both groups, median age was 15 years and 75.1% of participants were Medicaid-insured. Generalized seizures, status epilepticus, and focal seizures were noted in 41%, 41%, and 34% of patients with LGS, respectively; among control participants, <2% had a seizure. Approximately 20% of patients with LGS had a seizure-related injury; the most common were head injuries (12%) and fractures/dislocations (7%); 0.3% of control participants had a seizure-related injury. Compared with control participants, significantly higher proportions of patients had growth/nutrition issues (56%/4%), learning disabilities (45%/2%), cerebral palsy (44%/0.3%), autism spectrum disorder (23%/2%), brain development abnormalities (19%/0.1%), cognitive impairment (14%/0.8%), and insomnia/sleep issues (7%/2%). Nonseizure symptoms were also significantly more common in patients relative to control participants, including communication delays (25%/3%), disruptive behavior (9%/2%), and lack of alertness (6%/0.8%). More patients utilized healthcare resources, particularly outpatient hospital visits (79%/36%), home health and durable medical equipment use (76%/13%), ER visits (50%/25%), rescue antiseizure medications (46%/1%), in-patient stays (27%/4%), equipment supply/feeding tubes (24%/0.1%), and wheelchair use (24%/0.4%). The mean number of maintenance antiseizure medications received was 29.5 per patient per year and 0.4 for control participants. Comparisons presented are LGS/control, all p<0.01.

CONCLUSIONS: This real-world analysis demonstrates that patients with LGS experience increased clinical and economic burden compared with control participants. This burden remains high and suggests that continued development of effective and safe treatments is needed.