Impact of Changes in US Medicaid Reimbursement for Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives in the Immediate Postpartum Period

Author(s)

Walker SE1, Crespi S2, Kourmaeva E1, Jeet G1, Lozano-Ortega G3
1Broadstreet HEOR, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Organon & Co, Hoboken, NJ, USA, 3Broadstreet HEOR, Coquitlam, BC, Canada

Presentation Documents

OBJECTIVES: Medicaid reimbursement for long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) provided in the immediate post-partum period (IPP) during the same hospital visit as birth has historically been part of the diagnosis-related group (DRG) fee. To rectify the financial disincentive providers faced, some states implemented policies to reimburse hospitals for IPP-LARC in addition to the DRG fee. This study aimed to characterize outcomes associated with these Medicaid policies for the provision of IPP-LARC.

METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted in November 2022 using Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL. Outcomes of interest included LARC use rates, pregnancy or birth rate, and authors’ conclusions on the success of the policy.

RESULTS: Twenty studies investigating Medicaid carve-out policies across 13 states were included. The populations ranged from 22.2 to 31 years, were racially diverse, and attended primarily urban hospitals. Sixteen studies reported pre- and post-policy IPP-LARC uptake; those which calculated statistical significance (n=9) found increases in IPP-LARC uptake after policy implementation (p<0.05) except for two studies in Iowa where increases were non-statistically significant. Birth outcome studies (n=6) found a lower risk of short-interval pregnancies (p<0.05) except in a South Carolina population of adults which had no difference pre- vs. post-policy, although there was a significant difference in the study’s adolescent population (p<0.01). A key determinant of carve-out success at the hospital level was support from policy champions, or co-interventions aimed at increasing hospital staff training or raising awareness. However, the additional IPP-LARC payments were accessed inconsistently across hospitals within implementing states, and smaller, rural, and religiously affiliated institutions were less likely to leverage the change in reimbursement.

CONCLUSIONS: Medicaid’s IPP-LARC reimbursement carve-outs are effective at increasing LARC usage and reducing short interval pregnancies; however, states can improve policy implementation by providing additional support and training in hospitals, and support to women in vulnerable positions.

Conference/Value in Health Info

2024-05, ISPOR 2024, Atlanta, GA, USA

Value in Health, Volume 27, Issue 6, S1 (June 2024)

Code

HPR61

Topic

Health Policy & Regulatory

Topic Subcategory

Reimbursement & Access Policy

Disease

No Additional Disease & Conditions/Specialized Treatment Areas, Reproductive & Sexual Health

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