OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to evaluate the impact of different cardiovascular comorbidities on the efficacy of subcutaneous Semaglutide in lowering HbA1c levels in diabetic patients.

METHODS: The layout of this study was planned according to the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following keywords were used for literature retrieval: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists; Incretins; Semaglutide; Cardiovascular Diseases. We calculated each study's risk ratio (RR), also known as relative risk, to determine the probability of a health outcome (HbA1c reduction) occurring in the exposed group (Semaglutide usage in cardiovascular comorbidities). 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-values were also calculated. Moreover, we determined the pooled RR of all the included studies.

RESULTS: The pooled sample of the included studies was found to be 5,709 T2DM-cardiovascular comorbid patients who were using subcutaneous Semaglutide. In the 19 included studies, the pooled RR of the impact of cardiovascular comorbidity on the efficacy of Semaglutide in diabetic patients was RR = 1.86 (1.65-2.03); p < 0.01; z = 63.56% with I² = 22.13% (low heterogeneity) in the included studies.

CONCLUSIONS: Our research confirmed that subcutaneous Semaglutide has a positive impact on diabetic outcome (HbA1c reduction), irrespective of cardiovascular comorbid conditions. Thus, subcutaneous Semaglutide, in its recommended doses, can be safely prescribed for diabetic patients with associated cardiovascular comorbidities, which optimizes its treatment regimens and ensures its wider applicability.