Abstract

Objectives

Equitable distribution of quality healthcare services among different subpopulations in China and Nigeria is inconsistent. This necessitates an examination of potential avenues for improving healthcare provision in both countries. A comparative analysis of both health systems was carried out to provide insights into the progress each nation has made, the obstacles they face, and areas both countries can learn from each other.

Methods

We assessed 3 key dimensions of these systems using the Hsiao analytical framework. First, we scrutinized the policy levers of the health systems. Next, we evaluated intermediate outcomes, such as access to healthcare and the quality of care. Lastly, we assessed the extent to which the health systems achieve their ultimate goals, including improving citizen health status and enhancing overall patient satisfaction with the healthcare services.

Results

China surpasses Nigeria in terms of better birth outcomes, life expectancy, and management of communicable diseases. Both countries offer minimal protection against out-of-pocket spending on medical bills, which consequently exacerbates the poverty rate.

Conclusions

China surpasses Nigeria in every health metrics. However, Nigeria's healthcare system offers services to a larger proportion of its populace because of the involvement of the private sector in healthcare delivery. Both countries continue to experience significant challenges, such as limited access to healthcare services in rural areas and overall patient dissatisfaction with the quality of care provided.