Jack Scannell studies biomedical R&D from both economic and scientific perspectives. He works as an independent consultant to investors, drug and biotech companies, and the public sector. He is an honorary fellow in the School of Social and Political Sciences at Edinburgh University. Jack worked in drug and biotech investment at UBS and at Sanford Bernstein. He was head of Discovery Research at e-Therapeutics PLC, an Oxford-based biotechnology firm. He started his career as an academic neuroscientist. He has a Ph.D. in physiology from Oxford University and a degree in medical sciences from Cambridge University.